Alopecia Areata is a highly unpredictable, autoimmune skin disease that may lead to the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. This disease affects males and females of all ages and races, but it often begins in childhood. This disease affects approximately 2 percent of the population, or about 4.5 million people in the United States alone.
The exact cause of Alopecia is unknown. It is thought that a combination of genes predisposes certain people to this disease, and some trigger-or possibly the confluence of several things-sets the disease off. The immune system then mistakenly attacks hair follicles, which shrink in size, arresting visible hair production.
Hair loss could also occur by mechanical means. One of them is caused by habit, like pulling hair unconsciously from the scalp when watching television or during inactivity. Another is from the use of cosmetics like hair dyes and other hair treatment products. It could also be caused by too tight a ponytail or other hairstyles that pull the hair. Iron deficiency could also cause Alopecia, chemotherapy treatment is the most common cause of hair loss in people suffering from malignancies. Treatment for alopecia seen in these examples is simply removal of the offending causes.
Many doctors treat alopecia areata with minoxidil. An alternative to minoxidil is diphencyprone (DPC), a chemical also used in developing film. Workers that were developing films for a longer period found that it caused hair to sprout in unwanted places if they failed to wash after using it. While DCP is not a prescription drug, it is in no way a natural treatment, and applying it requires the use of protective garments and special ventilation under professional supervision.
The advantage of DCP is that hair does not fall out immediately when treatment is discontinued, as is the case with minoxidil. In Alopecia universalis (total hair loss), DCP produces cosmetically acceptable results only about 17 percent of the time, but when hair loss is less than 50 percent, DCP is 100 percent effective. Hair typically begins to reappear after 3 months of treatment, but it is sometimes necessary to take the drug for as long as 2 years before hair regrowth occurs.
When hair loss is less than 50 percent, hair restoration typically takes about 10 months. Side effects are common, including blistering (45 percent of users), freckling (12 percent), vitiligo (2 percent), and swollen lymph glands (2 percent). Hair that grows back during DCP treatment usually lasts 2-3 years before resumption of treatment is necessary. DCP must be applied weekly to be effective. It is available from dermatologists.
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